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Reactions to Selection Methods: An International Comparison
Wesley A. Scroggins, Philip G. Benson, Christine Cross, Brad Gilbreath |
203 |
Reactions to Selection Methods: An International Comparison
Wesley A. Scroggins
Missouri State University
Philip G. Benson
New Mexico State University
Christine Cross
University of Limerick, Ireland
Brad Gilbreath
Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne
This paper reviews the nature of applicant reactions to recruitment and selection methods from the standpoint of perceived procedural fairness of the selection methods used. Following the research of Steiner and Gilliland (1996), selection methods are analyzed for applicant perceptions of fairness using samples from the United States, Morocco, and Ireland. Specific results indicate that country differences exist in the perceived fairness of selection methods. Results also indicate a country by gender interaction. Discussion focuses on the nature of fairness perceptions in cross-cultural contexts.
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Efficient Management of Healthcare Resources: An Investigation of Correlates of Respiratory Diseases
Pi-Fang Hsu, Zhin-Li Kao |
217 |
Efficient Management of Healthcare Resources: An Investigation of Correlates of Respiratory Diseases
Pi-Fang Hsu
Shih Hsin University, Taiwan
Zhin-Li Kao
Yuanpei University, Taiwan
Although implementation of the national health insurance (NHI) scheme in Taiwan has ensured that over 97% of all residents are under coverage, inefficient utilization of medical resources and rapid expansion of NHI-related medical expenditures have severely strained governmental and societal resources. This study analyzes the utilization of healthcare resources for first category insured diagnosed with respiratory system diseases in the Northern Region Bureau of National Health Insurance (NRBNHI) in Taiwan. This study adopts two statistical analysis approaches: independent two sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA). Results provide a valuable reference point that age, income and provider type are significantly affects utilization of healthcare resources, but the region does not impact outpatient expenditures.
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Role of Traditional Values on Coping with Stress among Manufacturing Workers in China: An Empirical Study
Joseph C.K. Yeung |
224 |
Role of Traditional Values on Coping with Stress among Manufacturing Workers in China: An Empirical Study
Joseph C.K. Yeung
University of South Australia, Australia
This study examines Chinese workers’ job stress through the application of Karasek’s (1979) job demand - job control model, and investigates how traditional values influence the interaction between job demands and job control, in affecting workers’ anxiety and depressive symptoms. Sample consisted of 281 workers from three state-owned manufacturing companies in China. Traditional values were measured using 8 items taken from the Chinese Individual Traditionality Inventory (Yang et al., 1989). The results indicated that traditional values played a buffering role in the more traditional workers’ coping process, whereas this positive effect was not found among the less traditional workers. Implications of the findings were discussed.
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The Effect of Brand Image on Public Relations Perceptions and Customer Loyalty
Chia-Hung Hung |
237 |
The Effect of Brand Image on Public Relations Perceptions and Customer Loyalty
Chia-Hung Hung
Ling Tung University, Taiwan
The present study seeks to contribute to the development of a conceptual framework that integrates customer perceived public relations, brand image and customer loyalty. Empirical findings based on a survey of 367 consumers with insurance experience in the Taiwan region demonstrate that Public relations perception is positively affects brand image, which in turn affects customer loyalty. Furthermore, the direct effect of brand image on customer loyalty is stronger than that of public relations perception. Management implications of these findings and suggestions for future research are subsequently discussed.
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Effect of Market Imperfection on the Relationship between Future Index Prices and Spot Index Returns: An Empirical Study
Ching-Chung Lin, Chin-Sheng Huang, Yi-Chen Wu |
247 |
Effect of Market Imperfection on the Relationship between Future Index Prices and Spot Index Returns: An Empirical Study
Ching-Chung Lin
Kao Yuan University, Taiwan
Chin-Sheng Huang
National Yunlin University of Science & Technology, Taiwan
Yi-Chen Wu
National Yunlin University of Science & Technology, Taiwan
The degree of market imperfections affects the pricing of financial assets and the dynamic relationship among financial instruments. To investigate the dynamic interrelationship between the expected growth rate implied by the prices of index futures and the rate of return of the underlying index spot, this study examines data from the S&P 500, Nikkei 225 index futures and the TAIFEX TAIEX index futures by using the vector autoregression (VAR) model, Granger causality test, and generalized impulse response function (GIRF). The empirical result shows that the dynamic interrelationship is weaker in the mature US and Japanese markets (which represent a more perfect market) than in the emerging Taiwanese market (which represents an imperfect market). Examining the relationship between future index prices and spot index returns is an effective way of investigating market imperfections and inefficiencies.
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Classification of Unethical Behaviors in the Management of Information Systems: The Use of Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale Procedures
H. Michael Chung, M. B. Khan |
262 |
Classification of Unethical Behaviors in the Management of Information Systems: The Use of Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale Procedures
H. Michael Chung
California State University Long Beach
M. B. Khan
California State University Long Beach
All unethical behaviors in IS are not equally significant. The severity of unethical acts depends on various factors. This paper identifies those factors and develops a classification scheme for grouping unethical acts/behaviors in information systems. The classification scheme provides a tool that can be used by management on how best to allocate and spend resources to combat unethical behaviors. The scheme could be part of a larger plan to manage information systems resource of an organization. The paper begins with a listing of unethical acts common in information systems. These acts are then grouped into four broad categories. Factors that influence severity of unethical acts are identified and a classification scheme is developed to classify unethical acts using what is known as Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale (BARS). BARS has been used in research in many fields, including business. Finally, authors discuss future research in the field.
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Examination of Correlates of Ethical Propensity and Ethical Intentions in the United States, Australia, and the Philippines: A Managerial Perspective
Penelope De Jong, Judith Lancaster, Paz Pelaez, Joseph S. Munoz |
270 |
Examination of Correlates of Ethical Propensity and Ethical Intentions in the United States, Australia, and the Philippines: A Managerial Perspective
Penelope De Jong
St.Cloud State University
Judith Lancaster
University of Technology, Australia
Paz Pelaez
University of Cebu, Phillipines
Joseph S. Munoz
Millikin University
As the employees and managers of tomorrow, students, quite accurately, represent the future workforce. Especially important, given today’s environment of corporate misdeeds and the global nature of business, is an understanding of the ethical propensity of tomorrow’s work and managerial forces. Completed questionnaires from 114 students in the Philippines, 240 students from Australia, and 125 students from the USA were gathered to gather feedback on demographic, life style, ethical and value-based questions. Specifically, the Ethical Propensity Scale (De Jong, 2001) was used to measure individual qualities that influence student conduct while ethical intentions were measured by an index developed by Zey-Ferrell and Ferrell (1982). In the study, correlation between gender, age, national origin, media habits, and academic performance (measured by grade point averages) were explored. In addition, demographic variables were examined. The research uncovered that none of the examined variables were related to ethical propensity or ethical intensions, but propensity and intentions were significantly correlated. Ethical Propensity was the only factor found to be significantly related to the ethical behavior index in all three nations. Based on the gathered findings, implications for managing in an international context were discussed.
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Measuring Cost Efficiency in the Taiwan Life Insurance Industry
James C. Hao |
279 |
Measuring Cost Efficiency in the Taiwan Life Insurance Industry
James C. Hao
Tamkang University, Taiwan
To identify likely gainers and losers and to examine the effects of increasing competition on the structure of the Taiwan life insurance industry, the cost efficiency of Taiwan life insurance companies is analyzed. A flexible stochastic cost frontier is estimated for the industry using a sample of 25 firms over six years. The estimated frontier is then used to compute measures of economic, scale, and total efficiency for different company size groups. The results show that, on average, larger life insurance companies are more efficient than smaller companies, but there are substantial variations in the degree of efficiency within size groups.
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The Adoption and Management of Interactive Digital TV Commerce in Taiwan
Koong Lin, Chad Lin, Wen-Liang Kuo |
287 |
The Adoption and Management of Interactive Digital TV Commerce in Taiwan
Koong Lin
Tainan National University of the Arts, Taiwan
Chad Lin
Curtin University of Technology, Australia
Wen-Liang Kuo
Nan-Kai Institute of Technology, Taiwan
The introduction of interactive digital television (IDTV) has a major impact on the existing TV operators. It has resulted in fierce market competition and decreased profit margins for the TV industry as a whole. Accordingly, the TV industry needs to look for new ways to manage and utilize the technology to be competitive. Since very few studies have examined and evaluated how the TV industry manages its business using IDTV (i.e. IDTV commerce), this paper sets out to establish a decision analysis mechanism that can assist the TV operators in adopting and managing IDTV as their commerce platform. Literature review, semi-structured interviews and survey were employed to investigate and identify the key issues for adopting IDTV commerce by TV operators. The AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) methodology was used to the data collected. Our results indicate that the three most important adoption and management drivers for implementing IDTV as a commerce platform are: (1) the operational capability for the IDTV services; (2) the innovation and strategy execution capabilities of the TV operators; and (3) the level of maturity in technological development within the TV industry. In addition, most respondents indicate that the IDTV commerce should be fully operated and managed in-house, rather than outsourced.
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How to Grant Credit to Farmers Effectively: A Managerial Perspective
Chuan-Hsin Huang |
300 |
How to Grant Credit to Farmers Effectively: A Managerial Perspective
Chuan-Hsin Huang
Aletheia University, Taiwan
This study examines how to grant credit to farmers effectively through a critical investigation how this is done at present in Taiwan. In Taiwan assistance to fanners has for long been provided through a four-department structure of promotion, insurance, supply and marketing and credit through of Farmers’ Associations at the town and village level. The ratio of non-performing loans (NPL) of the credit departments of these Farmers’ Associations increased significantly in the aftermath of the Asian Financial Crisis of 2001. By January 2007 the NPL ratio was at a high of 8.03%, 3.9 times more than that of commercial banks. In the meantime various measures have been proposed to reform the credit departments of the Farmers Associations. However the proposals were all made on the premise that the organization structure of the Fanners’ Associations remains unchanged. In this paper it is argued that because the underlying problems of non-performing loans were not solved the effects of such measures were limited. In light of this, the present study proposes a new and original ‘managerial approach’ to dealing with the problem. The credit departments in the Farmer’s Associations should first ‘contribute’ capital to form a national agriculture bank, this should be followed by readjusting the number of branches of the newly-established bank, by selling non-performing debt, and by merging the Agricultural Bank of Taiwan with the new and’ professionally managed National Agriculture Bank. It is believed that this approach can help solve the present problem in Taiwan as well as providing ideas that may be useful in other countries facing similar problems.
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The Effects of Firm Size on Knowledge Management in Electrical and Electronic Manufacturing Firms
Jenn Tang |
308 |
The Effects of Firm Size on Knowledge Management in Electrical and Electronic Manufacturing Firms
Jenn Tang
National Taipei College of Business, Taiwan
This paper examines the flow of knowledge in electronic and electrical manufacturers, all of whom are ISO9001 certified. It is argued that the work processes and task processes in a business, how the business actually goes about making its products (practical flows) determines or effects the kind of knowledge the business develops and uses in different places in the business ( knowledge flows) and that this effect is itself influenced by the size of the firm. In this paper, we investigate the effects of three measures of firm size, the number of assets of the firm, the number of employees in the firm, and the length of time it took the firm to set up the systems involved on five different kinds of knowledge (explicit as opposed to tacit knowledge), in a sample of 30 Taiwanese firms. The results indicate that asset amounts and employee numbers relate positively to product realization knowledge, the extent to which the firm generates and uses knowledge related to its production function. Implications of this and related findings for management are discussed.
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The Effects of Manager Compensation and Market Competition on Financial Fraud in Public Companies: An Empirical Study in China
Jianguo Yuan, Chunsheng Yuan, Xiaolan Deng, Chunsheng Yuan |
322 |
The Effects of Manager Compensation and Market Competition on Financial Fraud in Public Companies: An Empirical Study in China
Jianguo Yuan
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
Chunsheng Yuan
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
Xiaolan Deng
Fuzhou University, China
Chunsheng Yuan
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
Using a sample of 137 financial fraud companies that were subject to CSRC enforcement action and a matched sample of control firms that were not subject to such action in year 2002 through 2004, this paper employ logistic regression model to empirically tests the effects of manager compensation and market competition on the likelihood of listed companies financial fraud in China. The main findings are as follows: first, the relationship between manager market competition and the probability of firm financial fraud is negative, which means that competitive manager market can help to prevent corporate financial fraud. Second, though manager compensation is negatively related to the probability of financial fraud, it is not statistically significant when we consider manager market competition. These results suggest that underdeveloped manager market can’t discipline Chinese top managers efficiently. Hence the mechanisms of reputation and efficiency-wages, which tend to reduce the incidence of fraud, do not function properly in China. They do not provide an incentive for managers to prevent fraud in the firms.
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Organization Type, Professional Training, Manpower and the Performance of Audit Firms
Yahn-Shir Chen, Bao-Guang Chang, Chia-Chi Lee |
336 |
Organization Type, Professional Training, Manpower and the Performance of Audit Firms
Yahn-Shir Chen
National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
Bao-Guang Chang
Tamkang University, Taiwan
Chia-Chi Lee
National Taipei College of Business, Taiwan
This study investigates the effects of professional training and manpower on performance of audit firm under different organization type. Empirical data are obtained from the 1989-2002 Census Report of Audit Firms in Taiwan. In this study, performance is defined as total revenues deduct total expenditures with partner’s salary added back. Total audit firms are divided into three categories in terms of their organization type, i.e. big-sized, medium-sized, and small-sized audit firms. Empirical results from uni-variate test show that the performance of audit firms with high professional training and high manpower are significantly better than that of audit firms with low professional training and low manpower. In addition, regression results indicate both professional training and manpower have positive effects on performance. In total, results above imply that professional training and manpower make a positive contribution to the operation of audit firm.
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E-Commerce Implementation: An Empirical Study of the Performance of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems using the Organizational Learning Model
Wen-Hsien Tsai, Shih-Jieh Hung |
348 |
E-Commerce Implementation: An Empirical Study of the Performance of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems using the Organizational Learning Model
Wen-Hsien Tsai
National Central University, Taiwan
Shih-Jieh Hung
National Central University, Taiwan
This research views enterprise resource planning (ERP) system implementation as an organizational learning behavior. We examined the roles of business process differences, education/training, system integration, and vendor support in the ERP implementation of Taiwan’s electronics companies, and found that the problems of education/training and vendor support have negative influences on the companies’ performance of ERP system. As compared with the prior research that adopted the sample of all industries, the variable of business process difference is less important in the electronics industry. This result implies that the factor of industrial difference must be taken into consideration in ERP system implementation.
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Accuracy of the Qualitative Reports of Financial Analysts: A Chinese Study
Yiming Hu, Thomas W. Lin |
353 |
Accuracy of the Qualitative Reports of Financial Analysts: A Chinese Study
Yiming Hu
Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
Thomas W. Lin
University of Southern California
This study investigates Chinese analysts’ original opinions and forecast performance in their qualitative research reports. We find that Chinese analysts possess certain analytical capacity, but that their opinions are seldom original. Specifically, we find that Chinese analysts tend to use more evidential accounting information and sophisticated financial analysis methods when making “negative” conclusions for specific company performance. But we do not find any significant differences in the type of information and the financial analysis method used when they analyze “failure” versus “non-failure” companies. For the forecast performance, our results show that Chinese analysts’ qualitative report conclusions have significantly positive correlations with a company’s next year’s EPS and core operating revenue growth.
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European Commission Articles governing the Movement of Goods within the European Union: A Case Law Analysis
Lung-Tan Lu |
369 |
European Commission Articles governing the Movement of Goods within the European Union: A Case Law Analysis
Lung-Tan Lu
Fo Guang University, Taiwan
This paper addresses the previous criticism relating to Article 30 EEC (now, after amendment, 28 EC) and analyzes case law from Cassis de Dijon, Keck and Mithouard to Gourmet. The issue of “measures” on national restrictions created tensions between the Court of Justice and the national courts. A new taxonomy is introduced to classify these cases relating to Article 28 EC in this paper. The taxonomy is based on marketing methods of 4P (i.e. product, place, price, and promotion). We attempt to employ the 4P of marketing management as a matrix to classify cases relating to Article 30 EEC and to observe whether the judgments given by the Court have consistency. It is suggested that Article 28 EC should not be classified as selling arrangements.
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Expatriate Adjustment of Spouses and Expatriate Managers: An Integrative Research Review
Aaron W. Andreason |
382 |
Expatriate Adjustment of Spouses and Expatriate Managers: An Integrative Research Review
Aaron W. Andreason
University of Montana
An integrative review of recent research substantiates previously anecdotal evidence indicating that expatriate experiences of the expatriate manager and spouse differ both in degree and kind. In global transfers, the spouse is often more immersed in the local culture than either the manager or the children. The spouse is less sheltered from the foreign environment, must often deal with a different stratum of society, yet receives less in-country support and is often even excluded from initial selection and training. The adjustment challenges for the spouse are therefore both different and greater. Research evidence supports not only the notion of spillover effects among the various dimensions of expatriate adjustment but also a crossover effect from one family member to another. Most often it is the spouse who is the key. Not surprisingly, therefore, the single most frequently reported reason for failure in an international assignment (when defined as a premature return) is an inability or unwillingness of the spouse to adapt. Most attempts to model the expatriate experience have done so primarily from the perspective of the expatriate manager. Only recently, however, has the experience of the spouse been studied directly and a conceptual model, utilizing identity disruption theory, been developed to explain the spouse’s foreign adjustment experience.
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